Painter (Construction) - American Institute for Innovative Apprenticeship

WORK PROCESS SCHEDULE

RELATED INSTRUCTION OUTLINE

Painter-Decorator (Painter Construction)
O*NET-SOC CODE: 47-2141.00 RAPIDS CODE: 0379HY

IUPAT/FTI Painter – Decorator Course Competencies

The Program level curriculum builds upon the foundation of the core curriculum skills, knowledge, and abilities. At the program level, occupation-specific standardized curriculum is designed by an ad-hoc committee comprised of the FTI Curriculum Department, IUPAT/FTI subject matter experts, employers, manufacturers, and associations.

Apprentices will be assessed on their acquisition of knowledge, skills and abilities in the core curriculum through hands-on and written tests as well as OJL performance measures.

Additionally, the apprentices will integrate their core knowledge, skills and abilities into the pursuit of specific occupational training throughout the term of their apprenticeship. This program specific training is designed to build the technical and professional skills needed by the apprentice to successfully perform his/her occupational profession.

Painter-Decorator Apprenticeship Program
The Painters and Decorators Apprenticeship Program is an educational program co-sponsored by the IUPAT and FTI to meet the ever-changing needs of the industry and the affiliates it serves. The apprenticeship program ensures that apprentices will learn the theoretical knowledge and the practical skills necessary to be successful Painters and Decorators.

During the course of study, apprentices will be exposed to labor union history with special emphasis on the IUPAT, health and safety issues, materials, tools, equipment, and the proper techniques of the Painting and Decorating trade.

Apprentices successfully completing this program apply their skills and abilities as Painters and

Decorators in residential, commercial, institutional, and industrial settings.

Description of Occupation
Painter-Decorator – Painters and Decorators apply decorative and protective finishes in residential, commercial, institutional and industrial settings. They prepare a variety of surfaces (wood, masonry, drywall, plaster, concrete, synthetics, stucco and metal) prior to the application of materials such as paint, high performance coatings, waterproofing, fireproofing, varnish, shellac, wall coverings and special decorative finishes.

Painters and Decorators are employed by construction companies, painting contractors, building maintenance contractors, or are self-employed. They work on projects such as home interiors and exteriors, residential high rises, wall covering work, industrial tanks and plants, bridges, airports, institutions, marine and offshore projects, and other commercial and industrial projects. Some Painters and Decorators may work for years on a single site; others may work for contractors that rarely work on the same site more than once.

Trends in the industry are leading manufacturers to continually make their products more environmental friendly. Environmental concerns have encouraged a movement toward 100% solid materials (low or no VOCs). The industry is on the cutting edge of the use of intumescent coatings in industrial settings. High performance emulsion paints and varnishes have vastly improved in their durability and overall performance. They have also become more environmentally and user-friendly. Ceramic insulating paints are fairly new to the trade. These paints were first introduced in the industrial sector, but are now being used for residential applications as well. The use of these paints for homes is expected to rise because of the increasing awareness of energy efficiency.

Work Environment
Painters and Decorators may come in contact with hazardous materials such as isocyanates, free silica, lead, volatile organic compounds and at times, carcinogenic materials. They may work with some physical discomfort when preparing surfaces or applying coatings in awkward positions. Painters and Decorators may work indoors and/or outdoors.

Painters and Decorators need to be aware of the safety and environmental concerns involved in the use of occupation equipment. For example, high and ultra high water jetting equipment and other types of abrasive blasting equipment are used to strip paint from building, tanks, bridges, ships, and piping. When working on tall buildings, painters erect scaffolding, including “swing stages,” scaffolds suspended by ropes, or cables attached to roof hooks. When painting steeples and other conical structures, they use a Bosun’s chair, a swing-like device. Painters and Decorators must stand for long periods, often working from scaffolding and ladders. Their jobs also require a considerable amount of climbing and bending. These workers must have stamina,

because much of the work is done with their arms raised overhead. Painters often work outdoors but seldom in wet, cold, or inclement weather. Some painting jobs can leave a worker covered with paint.

Training/Skill Set
Key attributes for people entering this trade are manual dexterity, excellent color and artistic aptitude. Good physical condition is important because the work often requires considerable standing, kneeling, and repetitive activities such as brushing and rolling.

Painters and Decorators must have an eye for detail, the ability to plan work, and knowledge of many types of finishes, their properties and their applications. Painters and Decorators must be able to calculate areas and relate such calculations to required material. Good communications and customer service skills are required by Painters and Decorators who often interact with home/business owners, contractors, interior designers and architects.

Basic computer skills are gradually becoming a necessary occupational skill for communications,

research and design. Due to technological advances in the industry, ongoing training in new materials and their applications is critical to Painter and Decorators.

Most painters and decorators learn through OJL and by working as an apprentice to an experienced journeyworker. This is accomplished through a combination of related instruction as delineated in these Standards.

Category #	Category Name	OJL^{^[1]} Hours	RI^{^[2]}Hours
1.1-3.4	Core Curriculum	32	96
9.1	Health and Safety Awareness for the Painter-Decorator	300 – 500	40
9.2	Introduction to the Painting and Decorating Trade	800 – 1000	60
9.3	Surface Preparation and Cleaning	800 – 1000	40
9.4	Non-spray Application of Coatings	800 – 1000	60
9.5	Identifying Paints, Coatings, and Materials	400 – 600	24
9.6	Spray Painting	800 – 1000	48
9.7	Wood Finishes	160-480	16
9.8	Wall coverings	160-480	16
9.9	Abrasive Blasting	160-480	16
9.10	Decorative Finishes	160-480	16
		4572 – 7052	432

¹ Refers to a Minimum – Maximum range of OJL hours that an apprentice must participate in during the specific apprenticeship program. An apprentice can take hands-on assessments in order to be awarded credit for these hours as determined by the District Council. ² Refers to the IUPAT/FTI suggested number of RI hours an apprentice should participate in during the specific apprenticeship program. However, the number of RI hours that an apprentice must participate in is determined by the District Council but must be a minimum of 144 hours per year. This table identifies the course competencies that the Painter-Decorator apprentice will successfully complete. Module 9.0 – Painter-Decorator

9.1	Health and Safety Awareness
	On-the-Job Learning (OJL) – 300 – 500 hours	Related Instruction (RI) – 40 hours
	Don (put on), doff (remove), inspect, and maintain the proper PPE that should be worn during painting and decorating application including, but not limited to: Head Face Eyes Ears Hands Body Feet Respiratory Perform a job analysis for safe working conditions: Attend pre-job safety meetings Adhere to site specific safety rules and federal regulations Observe Vessel Entry/Confined Space regulations Read and interpret MSDS Establish and maintain a safe working perimeter Safely demonstrate the proper use and maintenance of tools and equipment. Maintain clean work areas (housekeeping). Demonstrate how to perform positive and negative fit checks on selected respirators. Use selected monitoring equipment to measure the atmosphere in a confined space. Recognize the symptoms associated with excess exposure to heat and cold. Store, handle, and transport tools, equipment and materials properly. Identify the locations of First Aid and Fire Equipment. Correctly use fall arresting and other fall protection equipment. Demonstrate safe work practices for erecting and dismantling scaffolds, including: pre-planning, inspecting scaffold components, load capacity, platform construction, access requirements, and fall protection. Demonstrate a pre-inspection and the safe operation of an aerial lift. Describe and demonstrate the proper use of various types of personal fall protection equipment. Describe and demonstrate the steps of ladder safety, including: selection, inspection, set-up, safe techniques and proper maintenance and storage. Recognize the important areas of OSHA in general terms. Identify the Safety Regulations as they apply to safe work practices in the trade with emphasis on: Identification of safety hazards (unsafe conditions) Proper handling of materials, including hazardous Maintenance and safe operation of tools PPE Describe the precautions that must be followed when using flammable liquids and adhesives. Explain the purpose of Hazard Communication programs. Explain what a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is, its purpose and limitation. Describe the role of employer, supplier, and worker in the education of workers. Outline emergency procedures and how to obtain assistance for injured workers. Compare and contrast the characteristics of a confined space with those of a permit-required confined space. Explain confined space characteristics and hazards. Identify 29 CFR 1910.146 as OSHA’s General IndustryConfined Spaces Rule. Describe the proper technique (ergonomics) for lifting and transporting CAS materials and equipment. Identify safety requirements for erecting and dismantling scaffolds, including: pre-planning, inspecting scaffold components, calculating load capacity, platform construction, access requirements, and fall protection. Identify the different types of aerial lifts and their related safety rules and precautions. Describe potential fall hazards in the workplace. Describe the different types of ladders and the conditions under which they are used. Describe the techniques and equipment used for environmental humidity/temperature control.

9.2	Introduction to the Painting and Decorating Trade
	On-the-Job Learning (OJL) – 800 – 1000 hours	Related Instruction (RI) – 60 hours
	Demonstrate the characteristics of a professional Painter-Decorator, including: Exhibit suitable appearance and personal hygiene. Exhibit proper attitude and behavior on the job site, including private residences and other occupied buildings. Deal with difficult customers in a professional and courteous manner. Interpret written and verbal instructions. Recognize the importance of cooperation and interaction with related trades on a job site. Demonstrate the knowledge and use of color theory and the color wheel by selecting and applying complimentary, contrasting, and harmonious colors. Recognize the importance of cooperation and interaction with related trades on a job site. Setup and safely operate a compressor. Setup and safely use a power washer on multiple substrates. Demonstrate the proper use of a Pasting Table. Demonstrate how to clean and store brushes and rollers. Identify and select the proper brush and roller given a particular application. Demonstrate the selection and use of masking methods, tools and materials. Demonstrate proper layout drop cloths, & plastic. Demonstrate the proper use of spray shielding. Demonstrate knowledge of wrapping methods and materials. Demonstrate the proper clean up, removal and disposal of protective materials used in masking operations. Recognize and describe the application of selected masking materials. Demonstrate/describe selected methods and materials for interior/exterior coverings. Demonstrate how to properly mask a window with tape and paper/plastic. Demonstrate how to spray railings. Demonstrate how to cover from overspray. Demonstrate how to remove masking tape after finish coats have been applied. Identify and explain the basic terminology used in the Painting and Decorating trade. Describe the working conditions of the Painting and Decorating trade. Identify the career options and advancement opportunities in the Painting and Decorating trade. Describe custody, care, and maintenance of tools and equipment. Identify basic tools and equipment used for surface preparation and Painting and Decorating application. Identify the reasons for applying coatings. Identify the basic hand tools and equipment used in the Painting and Decorating trade. Identify power tools used in Painting and Decorating trade. Identify the basic hand tools and equipment used in the Drywall Trade. Identify the basic hand tools and equipment used in the Wall covering trade. Identify the equipment required for proper lighting of a worksite. Identify the proper methods, procedures and equipment used for proper ventilation. Identify different types and use of work platforms. Identify the components of brushes and rollers. Describe the differences between natural bristles and synthetic bristles. Recognize the various types of paint brushes and select the proper paint brush for the application. Wall brushes Varnish brushes Sash and trim brushes Stain brushes Special purpose brushes Decorative brushes Recognize the different kinds of rollers and roller covers and select the proper roller and cover for the application, including: Dip rollers Self-feeding rollers Special purpose rollers. Identify and describe masking tools and materials. Describe the materials required for protecting surfaces, including: Tape dispensers Types of tape Types of masking material Paint shields Covering materials Describe the methods of applying interior and exterior masking and coverings to various surfaces. Understand the importance of proper cleanup. Describe how to protect shrubbery during the painting process. Describe how windscreens work. Describe the importance of using drop cloths when spraying near roofs. Describe the dangers of masking exterior light fixtures.

9.3	Surface Preparation and Cleaning
	On-the-Job Learning (OJL) – 800 – 1000 hours	Related Instruction (RI) – 40 hours
	Demonstrate various surface preparation methods. Demonstrate various substrate repair methods. Demonstrate various inspection test devices. Sand, wash, caulk, spackle and spot prime previously painted substrates in preparation for repainting. Sand, prime, putty and caulk wood surfaces in preparation for finish coat. Prepare new and old porous masonry surfaces for coatings. Prepare metal substrates for coatings by utilizing selected surface prep methods. Prepare substrate for sealant. Estimate curing and drying times based on various ambient conditions. Demonstrate proper start-up, operation, cleaning techniques, shutdown, and safety guidelines for typical low-pressure washers using selected accessories. Demonstrate proper surface prep operations utilizing chemical strippers and deglossers on both new and previously painted surfaces. Patch and finish damaged drywall. Sand, wash, caulk, spackle and spot prime new substrates in preparation for painting. Demonstrate basic knowledge of various surface prep inspection tools and equipment. Demonstrate ability to repair common paint failures using various methods of surface preparation prior to repainting operation. Recognize and describe the uses of various preparation agents. Demonstrate the proper use of Drywall Finishing hand and automatic tools. Demonstrate embedding of drywall joints, angles, corner bead and nail spotting. Properly prepare each type of compound in use on a job. Demonstrate the application of the second drywall coat. Demonstrate the application of the finish coat and touch up, including the use of sanding tools. Apply textures by hand and automated methods to perform the following tasks: Joint taping and finishing Fastener spotting Corner finishing Sanding Demonstrate the ability to patch and finish damaged drywall. Distinguish and state a level of finish by observation. Identify selected substrates and surfaces and suitable methods of surface prep. Recognize and identify industry standard surface prep methods and specifications. Identify the ramifications of improper surface prep. Recognize and describe the various categories and uses of low-pressure water washing equipment. Recognize the different types of joints and substrates. Explain the implications of using chemical strippers, and solvents as related to VOC’s and health hazards. Identify the classifications and uses of chemicals as related to surface prep operations. Describe substrate preparation tools and materials. Identify materials used in drywall finishing and state the purpose and use of each of the following materials: Compounds Joint reinforcing tapes Trim materials Textures and Coatings Explain the differences in the six levels of finishing established by industry standards. Identify the hand tools used in Drywall Finishing. Identify taping and bedding materials. Describe some of the problems and causes that occur in drywall finishes.

9.4	Non-Spray Application of Coatings
	On-the-Job Learning (OJL) – 800 – 1,000 hours	Related Instruction (RI) – 60 hours
	Apply coating (Paint, Lining, Stain, Wood Finishes, Sealers etc…) to selected surfaces using the following methods: Brush Roller Trowel or other hand tool Properly clean and store hand tools and equipment, using correct solvents. Properly dispose of waste; paint, water, solvents, etc. Demonstrate the ability to mix single and multi component paint, coatings, and linings. Demonstrate the techniques for proper application of coating on various substrates. Demonstrate the proper selection and use of hand tools required for a coating project. Demonstrate the procedures for painting each of the following: double hung window, casement window, gutters and downspouts. Demonstrate the procedures for painting exterior doors. Demonstrate the procedures for painting fixed and movable shutters. Explain the various methods and best practices in the application of stain, clear coat, and wood finish application on wood substrates. Identify characteristics of concrete coating application. Explain the effects of using various coatings and coating methods as related to VOC’s, environmental and health concerns. Understand the differences and unique characteristics of various substrates and their unique coating requirements, i.e., open and closed grain wood, concrete, metallic substrates, drywall, etc. Identify common brushes used to paint window trim. Describe various methods of painting gutters and downspouts. Describe how to paint roll up garage doors. Describe the procedures for painting exterior doors. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of various clear finishes for exterior doors.

9.5	Identifying paints, coatings and Materials
	On-the-Job Learning (OJL) – 400 – 600 hours	Related Instruction (RI) – 24 hours
	Properly select a product based on service area and use. Demonstrate the procedure for creating a custom tint. Utilize various waterproofing coating systems on both horizontal and vertical surfaces. Demonstrate the general methods used for the clean up and disposal of water-based and oil-based paints. Demonstrate the proper selection of primers, paints and stains for various residential or commercial applications. Identify coatings and solvents by type and compatibility (Latex/Water, Alkyd/Mineral Spirits, etc). Identify composition of coating products and the various chemicals contained in a volume of coating. Understand the components of a Product Data Sheet and the Material Safety Data Sheet for a product. Identify common paint failures, causes and their correction. Understand Green technology as it relates to paint and coating technology. Identify ways that color and/or light can influence a person’s mood. Be able to explain how Theoretical Spread rate relates to % solids by Volume. Explain the use of sealants, fillers, coatings, weather-stripping and other material as a component of weatherization procedures. Explain the functions of pigments, resins, solvents, and additives. Describe the basic differences between water-based and oil-based paints and coatings. Describe the properties and functions of paints or coatings. Identify the recommended method of surface preparation for different types of coatings. Describe the application and interaction of various paint materials on selected residential/commercial surfaces. Identify the equipment used to prepare, apply and maintain painted surfaces in a residential or commercial setting. Describe the importance of primers when painting the exterior of commercial or residential buildings. Identify commonly used exterior coatings, stains, and primer stain blockers.

9.6	Spray Painting
	On-the-Job Learning (OJL) – 800 – 1,000 hours	Related Instruction (RI) – 48 hours
	Demonstrate the ability to safely apply paints and coatings to various substrates with conventional and HVLP spray systems. Demonstrate the ability to properly clean conventional and HVLP spray systems. Demonstrate the ability to properly clean airless and air assisted spray systems. Demonstrate proper utilization of inspection tools, and equipment prior to, during, and after spray operations. Properly dispose of waste; paint, water, solvents etc. within acceptable environmental, regulatory and job specific guidelines. Display proper spray application technique and adjustment of equipment to produce a quality finish with minimal waste and overspray. Demonstrate ability to properly maintain spray equipment. Demonstrate how to properly mix paint in preparation for spray painting. Demonstrate how to use each type of spray equipment to properly apply paint to selected surfaces. Perform cleaning and maintenance on spray equipment per the manufacturer’s instructions. Demonstrate how to measure the thickness of wet and dry paint films. Demonstrate how to measure the viscosity of paints and coatings. Demonstrate accurate measurements and angle calculation when striping a parking lot. Demonstrate striping application methods using the proper tools and practices. Demonstrate the preparation of pavement for receiving striping. Demonstrate the use of conventional and airless spray systems during striping.	Identify conventional and HVLP spray equipment components. Identify airless and air assisted spray equipment components. Recognize advantages and disadvantages of various spray equipment and accessories given various substrates and materials. Understand the basics of specialty spray systems including electrostatic, plural component, hopper, and thermal spray. Explain differences in interior and exterior spray application and the challenges of each. Recognize and describe spray systems and components, including: Conventional spray Airless and air-assisted HVLP spray systems Explain the responsibilities of a striper in parking lot layouts, including design factors such as traffic flow, number of users, exits/entry, and vehicle size. Identify striping tools, materials and application methods and practices. Describe striping equipment and substrate preparation.

9.7	Wood finishes
	On-the-Job Learning (OJL) – 160 – 480 hours	Related Instruction (RI) – 16 hours
	Recognize hardwoods and softwoods. Recognize open-grain and closed-grain woods. Use a moisture meter to measure the moisture content of selected wood surfaces. Demonstrate proper hand and power tool sanding techniques and cleaning of selected wood substrates. Use bleach to lighten selected wood substrates. Apply fillers to selected open-grained substrates. Apply a sealer to selected wood substrates. Apply stains to selected interior/exterior substrates. Apply clear finishes to selected wood substrates. Varnish Lacquer Shellac Polyurethane Explain why wood should be finished. Describe the characteristics of wood. Recognize open-grain and closed-grain wood surfaces. Name and describe the use of basic wood finishing materials. Demonstrate and/or describe the steps that are involved in the wood finishing process. Sanding and cleaning Bleaching Staining Filling Sealing Applying finish coat(s)

9.8	Wall coverings
	On-the-Job Learning (OJL) – 160 to 480 hours	Related Instruction (RI) – 16 hours
	Estimate the amount of wall covering needed using various estimating techniques. Select the proper adhesive for a particular wall covering. Properly mix a powdered adhesive. Prepare a surface for wall covering. Install selected wall coverings and borders with emphasis on working around windows, doors, light fixtures, and other obstacles. Demonstrate the ability to install wall coverings in difficult places such as stairs, slant walls, dormers, and archways. Recognize and correct common wall covering failures. Correctly apply a variety of wall coverings using the proper technique when confronted with doors, windows, dormers, archways, and other architectural elements.	Identify the basic types of wall coverings, their characteristics, and uses. Identify the types and categories of commercial wall coverings. Understand the terms associated with wall covering. Identify the tools, equipment, adhesives, and other materials commonly used to install wall coverings.

9.9	Abrasive Wet Blasting
	On-the-Job Learning (OJL) – 160 to 480 hours	Related Instruction (RI) – 16 hours
	Demonstrate abrasive blasting system operations including guidelines: warnings and hazards, pre-start, daily checks, start-up, operation, and shutdown. Demonstrate the use proper use of a conventional abrasive blast system. Demonstrate the selection of a properly fitting blast nozzle and holder. Demonstrate basic safety in the operation of a conventional abrasive blast system. Create a surface that meets industry standards defining an achievable surface cleanliness level.	Describe the basic uses of conventional abrasive blast systems. Recognize and describe the types and sizes of basic blast machines and the functions of their components. Describe the requirements of air and blast hose and hose couplings. Describe the types and sizes of blast nozzles and holders. Describe the basic safety and operating guidelines for conventional blast systems.

9.10	Decorative Finishes
	On-the-Job Learning (OJL) – 160 to 480 hours	Related Instruction (RI) – 16 hours
	Apply stippling and mottling finishes to properly prepared surfaces. Apply a grained finish to a properly prepared surface. Recognize the type of decorative finish on any surface. Demonstrate how to prepare surfaces for application of different decorative finishes. Use the proper tools needed to achieve special effects when applying different decorative finishes. Prepare oil-based and water-based glazes. Demonstrate how to make common glaze formulas (recipes). Apply glaze coats to properly prepared surfaces using sponging, rag rolling, and cheese clothing. Apply a marbled finish to a properly prepared surface. Apply antiqued finishes to a properly prepared surface using methods such as rubbing with steel wool and spattering. Explain the purpose for using each type of decorative finish. Recognize surfaces with decorative finishes applied by glazing. Demonstrate how to make common glaze formulas (recipes). Recognize surfaces with decorative finishes applied by antiquing. Recognize surfaces with decorative finishes applied by gilding. Recognize surfaces with decorative finishes applied by stippling and mottling, and describe the difference between the two methods. Recognize surfaces with decorative finishes applied by marbling and graining, and describe the difference between the two methods. Demonstrate and/or describe how to prepare surfaces for application of the different types of decorative finishes. Use the proper tools needed to achieve special effects when applying different types of decorative finishes. Identify the decorative colors commonly used in marbling and graining.

Glossary of Acronyms
AED   Automated External Defibrillator
AWS      American Welding Society
CDL       Commercial Driver’s License
CPR     Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
EIFS       Exterior Insulation and Finishing System
EPA      Environmental Protection Agency
EPS   Expanded Polystyrene
ESD      Electrostatic Discharge
GVWR   Gross Vehicle Weight Rating
HAZ COM      Hazardous Communication
HAZWOPER      Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response
HUD      Housing and Urban Development
HVAC   Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning
HVLP      High-volume, Low Pressure
J-BAR       Johnson Bar
LED      Light-emitting Diode
LEED-NS    Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design – New Construction
MDO   Medium Density Overlay
MSDS       Material Safety Data Sheet
OSHA   Occupational Safety and Health Administration
PPE    Personal Protective Equipment
PV   Photovoltaic
PVC    Polyvinyl Chloride
RRP       Renovation, Repair and Painting
STP    Supervisory Training Program
TWP      Top Workplace Performance
VCT       Vinyl Composition Tile
VOC      Volatile Organic Compound